In the manufacturing, sale, purchase, or transfer of petroleum products, knowledge of the water content in lubricating oils, additives and similar products is crucial to estimate their performance and ...

Near-IR spectroscopy belongs to the group of vibrational spectroscopy techniques, along with mid-infrared spectroscopy (primarily FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy. The first near-IR spectrometers were ...

Dried snack foods such as apple chips are a convenient alternative to fresh fruit, providing longer shelf life and easier storage. Consumers increasingly demand product variety, so companies coat such ...