A new study from Northwestern University is reshaping how scientists think about brain evolution. The research suggests that ...

Researchers uncover evidence that the gut microbiome and brain connection can influence brain gene expression and neural ...

New research shows gut bacteria can directly influence how the brain develops and functions. When scientists transferred ...

Synaptic plasticity allows brains to learn, adapt, and rewire. It’s foundational to memory, problem-solving, and complex ...

In the mice with large-brain primate microbes, the researchers found increased expression of genes associated with energy production and synaptic plasticity, the physical process of learning in the ...

From the plains of the Pleistocene to the age of smartphones, the human brain has evolved but never forgotten its roots. Many of our instincts and quirks are echoes of our ancestors.

Prologue -- The structure of this book -- Six paradigms -- 1. Introduction -- Some premises -- Some history -- Evolution and modification of behavior -- Evolution of ontogeny in the human animal -- ...

A groundbreaking international study changes the view that exposure to the toxic metal lead is largely a post-industrial phenomenon. The research reveals that our human ancestors were periodically ...

For more than a century, scientists have treated the brain as the undisputed command center of human evolution, with the rest ...