Pelagic fish – species that occupy the water column of the open ocean, neither near the bottom nor near the shore – are more impacted by both human pressure and protection than bottom-dwelling benthic ...

Distribution of non-natural food (provisioning) to attract fish, though popular in coral reef tourism, has often been discouraged due to its assumed adverse effects on fish health and behavior.

An introduction to algal ecology in freshwater benthic habitats -- Patterns in benthic algae of streams -- Periphyton patterns in lakes -- Patterns in wetlands -- Effects of light -- Periphyton ...